Method for making books



April 7, 1931.

D. S. MCCHESNEY ET AL METHOD FOR MAKING BOOKS Filed May 15, 1929 9/hO//vvs/vraes wf m4' g, @7

Patented Apr. 7, 1931 UNITED STATES PAT-ENTI oFFioE DONALD s. MccHEsNEYNn JAivrEs'ooOrEa, OF sYnAcUsE, NEW YORK, AssIGNORs To HALL a MeOHEsNEY,1No.,'or sYRAoUsE, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OFY NEW 'YORK applicationfiled May 15,

ledly mounted. vAfterthey are so assembled, the-covers of the Abook andthe'back are covered with a material appropriate for the use to whichthe book is to be put. l

. This material is sometimes entirelyleather,

sometimes leather and cloth, and sometimes entirely cloth or canvas.The' covering material is usually applied to the bookbinders board bythe use `of a liquid paste or other adhesive. l

This application of liquid adhesive necessarily moistens the coveringmaterial so that it is lthereafter necessary to-subjectthebook to adrying means.V

It has been found that in the dryingprocess, unless means is taken toprevent Vsuch a result, the leather or other covering of the .ibook willtend to shrink in drying with the result that the bookbinders board willbe warped out of shape, inasmuch asy its tensile strength 1s notsufficient to resist, unassisted,

the contraction of the covering ymaterial in order to prevent thedistortion of the book-A .binders board.

During the drying process, it has been the `custom of thosemanufacturing books vof this type to compress the same in heavy pressesduring the drying operation so as to prevent any distortion of thebookbinders board.

This method of drying requires that the book y ,10 be kept in the pressfor a period of, approximately 24 hours because o f the fact that thebook, being held firmly in' the presswill dry very slowly, much morelslowly than would be the case if the whole booky were exposed to ,45the atmosphere.

The main obJect of our invention to pro- :vide a method for making anddriying books of the typevdescribed, which will 'permit thev v drying ofthebook in :a comparatively short length of time Without obtaining anydiseA METHOD ron yMAKING BOOKS 1929. SerialNoiaeaaso.

Other objects and advantages will appear from .the `followingdescriptiontaken in connection with the accompanying drawings inwhichz-f l r J n Figure l is a perspective view of an assembled book.

Figure 2 is a section urel.-`

Figure 3 isa perspective view ofthe form used to retain the back of thebook in position during the drying'operation.` A r on une le-e of rig.v

Figure 4 isa perspectivev view ofrroneof Y the covers of a book.

Figure 5 isa section on line ure 4. A

In carrying out our method of book manu'- facture, the individualcoversforthe book are first made in the usual way k.which consists of buildingup a cover to the desired thickness by adhesivelyV fastening togethertwov or more pieces of bookbindersboard Before such boards' are fastenedtogether, as perhaps may best ybe seen fromFigui-ese; and 5, a hingemember -l carrying longitudinally extending eyes -Q--k issecured to oneedge of a piece of'bookbinders Vboard -34- by means of rivetsL f4;-, Asecond piece of bookbinders board y cured to board-B- so that the hingemember -1- is positioned between the boards -andl5-yny Y f When Vavcover'hasbeen assembled in the manner just described,A we coverthesideof L the cover which will be the inside of the .cover 5 isthensewhenA it is finally assembled in a book, with y satisfactory. Thetextile material -G-"is th'en'stretched and placed uponthe'side vofthecoveri'whichcarriesthe liquid `adhesive. The

' shrunken textile material and forthis purH pose wehave foundunshrunken lmuslinto'be to the vvinnersurfaceslot'covers -5- only a lcomparatively short distance, aA distance just are exposed to view vWillcovering.-

cover is then in condition to be subjected t a preliminary dryingoperation.

It Will be understood that different types of drying apparatus may beemployed provided only that the heat tliereinniay be controlled Withinlimits `which Willgive'tlie best results' lfor this particular'operation.

Vhen a completed cover -5- has been `covered with Yliquid ladhesiveiandthe textile heretofore described, such Vcover in its damp condition, ispreferably subjected to Yheat above normal temperature.

When the cover -5"-"a'nd the textile niaterial -6- carried thereon hasbeen dried "tv'will he found that the`- uii'shr'iiiikeii textilematerial -K--rhaving beeniinoistene'd 'and ""'thendried'vvill haveshrunk'and this'shrink- K inxg fof the the text/ile material 6-twillhave ao c, Y

edinto' a c'oncavo-c'n'vex shape With the concave side carrying thetextileinaterial. y A In FiUure-: We have shown iii heav lines `the`cover '-54 carrying tlieteitijle material '--64-` before" thes'anief-"llas been g subj ected to the drying operation, and Wehavesl'iovvn in cover -5- after thesaine hashee'n dried `in theinan'nerjustdescribe'd.

After a supply of covers -5 have :been

lfdried, tivo o" the coversv .re asseinbledoii to 1a y'back plate-QQ-havi'iig oii'its opposite TV'which "co-act" With hii'ige members '-landpintles -32- and -eto forni :piano hinges.

-Tlie covers -5- are assembled on the 1jack `'plate -"-29- With f theirconcave;T faceso'ii the inside. In Figure 2,"vve haveelieivn iii dette'cand-'36. j A .p Y

Titli'tl'ie members of the book assembled iii thenianner justCle'sci'ibetl,"tlie outside sui-- vfaces of the 4covers CW-'airecvere'divith liquid pastey or vadhesiveai'ul the' liiial L outsidecovering' iiiaterial, oi"`e. aii'i'ple, leather `-37- is placed on Yone'cover :3f-,around the back forni -Z3 and on 'the' other `opposite cover-'5#. 1

The covering -37- extends Vinwardly on suflicie'nt that theedgesfof-tlie book which becovered by such lith the book assembled` andcoverediii the manner described, it is in condition to bev subjected toa second and iinal dryinvgf'op'eration. I c DueV to p the lactijthat the:covering l Whether madeoi' leather or Vof other covering lmaterial Willshrink toa certain extent 'during the drying operation, the bookbindersboard comprising the covers -5- will be distorted in a directionopposite to the direction iii which they Were distorted when they Weredried in the first drying operation with the uiishrunken"textilematerial#6- thereon.

`We have found that if our method of mak- -iiigbool-Is is `followed thatthe distortion of the covers in the secoiiddrying operation Will beequal to the distortion vvhi-cliwtook place during the first dryingoperation, so that when the second drying' operation .liasbeencompleted, the covers -5- Will be flat and of the proper shape for thecompleted book.

We have "discovered that the second: drying operation will be performedwith t-hegreatest v"success it means is provided for supplying thecirculating heated air Withasmall amount 2 of-moisture because of thefact that the pres- 'enceY of a small amount or moisture iii the airwill cause amore un form drying of the bookbinders board.

lVlien' the "secondfdrying operation has' been fconij'iletech" the book4may be equipped in the usual' ina'iii'ier tol makev itv a ycompletebook'of' the character desired.

ltvvill btei'iiiderstoo'd`v that our'y method may be olloivedby theusebivarious types of A` dryers. v

'It vvllv also be understood that various types :and Weights Vofunslirui'ike'n 'textile' Amaterial may be used on the covers during: thefirst l 'fdryiiigoperation vdepending upon" the thick- '3100 fiiessotliecoverfit'self and also depending Ai'i'pon"thety'peof Ymaterial with*which the outside of the covers ofthe book is to-be covered. U It'ivillalso be understood that,"depending upon tli'e of' "bookI 'Which is beinginanuyiactur'ed, afconside able'variation is perni'tte'd iii" thetemperature 'to which tlieco'v'ers aresubjected during the drying:'operation,

yand also be understood that" they length 'ot tiinethecoverivill'be'subjected'to heat the temperaturesto which the vcovers aresubjeeted ori'to. the"duratioii of tli'edryiiig i processl or the iparticular material used," as various 'changes and "modifications may "Ybe made Without departing from the spirit of thc j appended claims.

j l. Inthe method lof manufacturing a book cover, tliestepsoffsefci'iring'a fabricto the inner surface' ofafbookb-inders boardl andshrinking thefabric to bow-the board,` then` IZU securing a coveringmaterial to the exterior surface of the board and shrinking the coveringmaterial to return the board to plane form. v

Q. In thel method of making a book, the steps consisting of securingfabric tov one of the sides of a` pair of book covers, shrinking thefabric, assembling the covers to a back member, securing a coveringmaterial to the other sides of the covers and shrinking such coveringmaterial.

3. In the method of making a book cover,

the steps consisting of securing fabric to one side of a bookbindersboard, shrinking the fabric to bovv the board, then securing acoveringrmaterial -to the other side of the bookbinders board andlshrinking the covering material to return the board to plane form.

4. In the method of manufacturing books, the steps consisting of forminga plurality of pieces of bookbinders board to the desired 9. In the.method of manufacturing book In Witness'vvhereof they have hereuntosetk theirhands this 1st day of May, 1929. y 'DCNALD S. MCCHESNEY.

JAMES' COOPER.

shapefor a book cover, applying a liquid ad-V i hesive to one sidethereof, securing on such adhesive an unshrunken fabric, drying thebookbinders board with the fabric thereon,

assembling tWo of such dried bookbinders boards to a back plate With thefabric-covered surfaces on the inside, securing a covering material tothe outer surfacesof the bookbinders boards by means of aliquidadhesive, and then drying such outside covering. v

5. In thel method of'making a book, the

. steps consisting of securing fabric to one of the sides of a pair ofbook covers, subjecting j such fabric to heat toshrink the fabric,assembling the covers to a backmember, Securing a covering material tothe other sides of the covers and then subjecting the covering materialto heat to shrink such covering material. v

6. In the method of manufacturing book covers, the steps of securing afabrictofone side of a bookbinders board, shrinking the fabric to bouthe board, securing a shrinkable sheet of material 'to the opposite sideof the board and shrinking such material to return the board tosubstantially fiat form.

7. In the method of manufacturing book covers, the steps of securing afabric to one side of a bookbinders board, subjecting the fabric-to heatabove normal temperature to shrink the same and bow the board, securinga shrinkable sheet of material to the opposite side of the board,subjecting such shrinkable c material to heat above normal temperatureto shrink the same and return the board to substantially flat form.

8. In the method of manufacturing book covers, the steps of securing asheet of shrinkf able material to one side of a bookbinders board',shrinking such material to bow the board, securing a sheet of shrinkablemate-A rial to the opposite side of the board and j shrinkingsuch-material to return the board to substantially flat form.

CII

